The World Economic Scenario Of Brazil - 1722 Words

A lot has changed in the world economic scenario over the past 25 years. World trade has increased from $8.7 trillion in 1990 to over $46 trillion in 2014 (Global Economic Prospects 2016: 219). These numbers reflect a growth in the trade of goods and services amongst different nations, which came as a result of globalization. With that being said, an economic interdependence has been formed. Countries that have been actively participating in this phenomenon by joining trade agreements, eliminating tariffs, and facilitating commerce have highly benefited from this transformation. On the other hand, nations that have isolated themselves from these opportunities through protectionist policies, have been negatively impacted. Members involved in these trading blocs gain a competitive edge over those who opted to stay out. Brazil serves as a good example of the negative effects that adapting a protectionist policy may have on a nation s economy. The country has access to a vast amount of p rimary resources, including soy beans, oil, sugar cane, iron ore, coffee, and orange juice. Nonetheless, its exports account for a mere 11.2% of its GDP, in comparison to the world average, which in 2015, amounted for a total of 29.3% (World Bank Group, 2016). One of the main reasons for the disparity between these numbers is given by the lack of free trade in the government s foreign policies. This paper will closely examine two trade agreements in an effort to compare and contrast theShow MoreRelatedThe Bop Of Brazil1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe BOP of Brazil (exhibit 5) shows that since 2000 the country was constantly a net exporter until 2014. The profile of its exports consists mainly of raw materials such as crude oil, iron, raw sugar, soybeans, etc. The collapse of commodities prices (exhibit 9) in the middle of 2014 reduced the ability of Brazil’s economy to end 2014 with a positive current account. The fall of oil prices also strongly contributed to that and Brazili an economy finished 2014 with a deficit in the Balance of goodsRead MoreBrazil : What Happened With Its Promised Skyrocket Economy? Essay1702 Words   |  7 PagesBrazil: what happened with its promised skyrocket economy? By the end of 2009 Brazil was in the front page of â€Å"The economist† with a special report called â€Å"Brazil takes off†. The report mentioned that â€Å"China may be leading the world economy out of recession but Brazil is also on a roll. It did not avoid the downturn, but was among the last in and the first out. Its economy is growing again at an annualized rate of 5%. It should pick up more speed over the next few years as big new deep-sea oilfieldsRead MoreThe Economic Effects of Mega-Events in Brazil789 Words   |  3 Pagesand the state. Can sports mega events help Brazil finally reach its economic goals? The Brazilian government has introduced a program that accentuates myriad of infrastructure projects in transportation, ports, electricity, sewage-treatment plants and other facilities, because for decades the deficiency in infrastructure has haltered Brazil’s economy. Low levels of investment continue to be a key explanatory variable hindering medium-term growth in Brazil, which is evident from low investment to GDPRead MoreThe Foreign Exchange Market Of Brazil919 Words   |  4 PagesThe Foreign Exchange Market The country of Brazil has been in existence since 1493 under Portuguese rule for more than fifty years. Located in South America, Brazil is the seventh largest country in the world and the most populated of all of the South American countries. Brazil received their independence from Portuguese in 1822. Prior to their independence Brazil became very diverse with a mixture of Indians, Europeans and Africans to work their growing labor demand. The Brazilian export experienceRead MoreEmergin Markets_Brazils Quest for Comparative Advantage Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesCompetitive 4 Brazil’s Eager to Develop World-Class Manufacturing 5 Shifting Brazil’s Economy 5 On Ethics 6 Conclusion 6 References 7 Abstract When it comes to Global Business, Strategic/International Trade, among other forms of doing business domestic and internationally, it is crucial to follow on of the most important principles in all economics; comparative advantage. This theory was developedRead MoreThe Human Development Index And Gini Coefficient1270 Words   |  6 PagesDespite the fact that Brazil’s Gross Domestic Product is one of the highest globally, Brazil still faces developmental issues in their economy. As Stiglitz has mentioned prior to his overall research, it is clear to see that Brazil has benefited tremendously from globalization . With a GDP of $2.346 trillion , this shows the output of goods and services have helped the country bring in more revenue to help stabilization. Although there is an increase in GDP, both the Human Development Index and GiniRead MoreManageial Economics724 Words   |  3 PagesProfessor D. Rawana Ann Marie Webb MG 640 05-02-15 Week 1 Assignment Chapter 1 – The fundamental of Managerial Economics Q 1 pare 27 Southwest Airlines begins a Bags Fly Free campaign, charging no fees for a first and second checked bag. Does this situation best represent? a) Producer-producer rivalry? b) Consumer-consumer rivalry? c) Producer-consumer rivalry? Explain your choice. Answer – A Southwest Airlines of charging no fees for a first and second checked bag resultedRead MoreRussian Economic Overview1278 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic Overview: Although Russia is one of the BRICs’ countries; it is showing some weakness over the last years with the Euro crisis. The country suffered with economic problems that made its economy to slow the foreign demand. With the weaker foreign demand and the domestic fiscal consolidation made the output growth reduced to 3.4% in 2012. The weakness extended to 2013, with first quarter real GDP falling 1.1% from the previous period, reducing 12-month growth to 1.1%, the lowest rate sinceRead MoreAssessing Renewable Energy Projects Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pagesprices. Accordingly, Brazil - the current world leader in ethanol production and exports (see Figure 12 â€Å"World Largest Ethanol Producers†, page 72) - is expected to continue to experience a fast expansion of its sugarcane-based renewable energy sector (for p ossible scenarios of expansion for Brazil, see Milanez, Favaret Filho, Barros, 2008). It is a straightforward process. The current spike in oil prices pushed demand for ethanol by many nations looking for alternatives. As â€Å"Brazil has the lowest costRead MoreThe Global Consumption Of Oil904 Words   |  4 Pagesfor past two decades. The use of energy resources all over the world has raised concerns over the consumption of energy resources and its environmental impacts. In this essay, an attempt is made to picture the geographies of energy consumption that increased attention to carbon emissions in the G7 and BRICs and countries like India, China, Brazil, U.S.A and Canada and its implications for human society, climate and political or economic dimensions. All the data discussed in this paper about energy

Ritual Use of Cacao in Maya Civilization - 1903 Words

Ritual Use of Cacao in Maya Civilization This paper aims to explore and confirm the ceremonial and ritual importance of Theobroma cacao to the Maya civilization and its various uses therein. Firstly, I will provide a brief overview of the cultural history of cacao, which is known as kakaw in the Maya language. Next, I will examine the connection between cacao and ancient Maya religion, which is the basis for its importance to the Maya culture. I will then discuss the ritual and ceremonial significance of cacao and its forms of use, based on the analysis of Maya hieroglyphs and iconography, as well as ethnohistorical, ethnographic, and other historical accounts, and the recent research by archaeologists who have found cacao residues in ancient pottery. The cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.) is native to the northwest Amazon basin of South America and the wild species was spread by humans into Southern Mexico and Central America, where it is thought to have been domesticated (Ogata et al. 2006). The data collected by Ogata et al. (2006) supports Mesoamerica as a center of cacao domestication, but also suggests a possible secondary area of domestication in South America. At first, only the cacao pulp was used for its sweet flavour, yet it wasn’t until 1800 BC that the inhabitants of this region discovered how to turn the cacao seeds into chocolate through a process of drying, roasting, and grinding the cacao seeds (Coe and Coe 1996). By the time the Olmec civilizationShow MoreRelatedA Brief Look at the Mayan Civilization Essay example1548 Words   |  7 PagesOlmec were the Maya people. The Maya can be analyzed in terms of their culture. This civilization came about in Mesoamerica around 250 AD with a great influence coming from that of the Olmec. The first 650 years of the Maya civilization’s existence was known as the Classic Period. They created a remarkable society of more than 40 cities in the region which is now southern Mexico, Guatemala, and northern Belize. The cities contained mostly ceremonial centers and majority of the Maya lived a rural agriculturalRead MoreThe True History of Chocolate976 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge of things we use daily, sometimes without realizing their long history of evolution and multiple meanings. The word â€Å"cacao† and the first data concerning these valuable beans were derived by Europeans who came to the new World from the Maya of the Yucatan Peninsula who made chocolate drinks to their nobility and presented them in beautiful vessels to their rulers. These people were probably the first in human history to turn cacao beans into chocolate. However, the word â€Å"cacao† is believed toRead MoreEconomy in Early American Civilizations: Maya, Aztecs and Inca865 Words   |  4 Pagesand crops such as cacao beans. Another American civilization was the Aztec civilization. They were located in the Valley of Mexico around the 13th to 16th century CE, and they used slash-and-burn farming to plant crops to trade. The Inca Empire existed from the 13th to the 16th century CE along the Pacific coast of South America near the Andes Mountains. The Inca used terrace farming and irrigation to grow crops such as corn. The economies of these early American civilizations wer e heavily basedRead MoreThe Mayan Civilization And The Maya Empire1677 Words   |  7 Pages The Mayan civilization or the Maya Empire, centered in the tropical lowlands of what is now Guatemala, reached the peak of its power and influence around the sixth century A.D. The Maya excelled at agriculture, pottery, hieroglyph writing, calendar-making and mathematics, and left behind an astonishing amount of impressive architecture and symbolic artwork. Most of the great stone cities of the Maya were abandoned by A.D. 900. The Maya civilization was one of the most dominant indigenous societiesRead MoreHow The Maya Civilization Was A Major Social Entity From Approximately 2600 B.c1316 Words   |  6 Pages Mesoamerica Essay The Maya civilization was a major social entity from approximately 2600 B.C.E. to 1521 C.E. The Maya civilization was never a fully unified society; it was primarily made up of numerous small states, in and around what is now known as the Yucatan Peninsula. These states, each apparently centered on a city, were ruled by individual kings. Sometimes, a stronger Maya state would dominate a weaker state and be able to exact tribute and labor from it. The development of agricultureRead MoreThe Ancient Mayan Civilization : A Rigid Social Structure1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ancient Mayan Civilization was built upon a rigid social structure based on their religious beliefs. They used a caste social structure in which divisions were based on wealth, inherited rank, privilege, profession, or occupation. Their beliefs were based on the fact that nature elements had the power to either help or harm. The Ancient Mayans used their social structure and beliefs to shape their daily lives. The Ma yans were a very religious. They believed in many gods and all events centeredRead MoreMayan And Mayan Writing System1067 Words   |  5 PagesMayan culture and civilization are said to be far beyond their time by their complex writing and numerical system. In the pre-Columbian America, the Mayan writing system is said to be the â€Å"only† true writing system within the Americas. By examining the environment the Maya had lived, we are able to look at the how the Maya used their writing system and it also further reflects the Maya’s surroundings. The Mayan civilization had flourished throughout the Yucatan peninsula in Central America. TheyRead MoreThe Most Powerful And Largest Cities Of Mesoamerica968 Words   |  4 Pagesthe valley it was located within, would go on to extend its rich culture and history from between 150 B.C.E. throughout Mesoamerica s Golden Age. Some of the most influential aspects of this great city would extend from other well known civilizations, the Maya and Aztec people for example, during their respective governing periods. As of the most current standing, the original name remains undecipherable in the surviving glyphs recovered at sites. Much in the same way, the initial cause of collapseRead MoreThe Mayan Civilization : Ancient Civilization1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mayan Civilization: For many centuries the Mayan was of life was a mystery to archaeologists. Their geography, social structure, government, economy/trade, technology, writing, and arts were all thought to be forever lost. Now, as archaeologists are still uncovering more information, what was once referred to as â€Å"The Lost Civilization of Maya†, has been awakened from the grave of unknown. Geography: The ancient Mayan Civilization surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean stretchedRead MoreThe first thing I think of or most people think of when they hear the word Mayans, is how they1600 Words   |  7 Pagesthough, you find out that this not the case at all. And the Mayans didn’t believe that at all it is just a new age theory. The Mayans are such a rich culture and have so much history behind them. The ethnic Mayans are one of the earliest developed civilizations. They are a native Mesoamerican people that were founded back in 250 A.D. The Mayans flourished until about 900 A.D., most say their fall came after the Spanish conquest. Some aspects though still are alive mostly the Mayan Indians of Mexico and

The Geography of Indonesia-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Breifly explain about Poor Economic Condition in Indonesia. Answer: Introduction: Indonesia is a nation rich in both natural and social assets. Territory of this nation comprises of more than 17,000 islands and little islands that extend along the 6400 km from west to east, and around 3,000 km from north and south, and accordingly actually recommend the high diversities. Indonesia has the differing widely varied vegetation assets. "Asia" fauna is accessible at the Greater Sunda Islands (Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java and Bali). Lesser Sunda Islands (East of Bali ) have been influenced by the "Australia" fauna, the best impacts are in the shallow Sahul (Ambon, Seram, Aru). There are additionally a few extraordinary animal categories in specific places that are not found in different places, for example, Komodo mythical beasts (Varanus komodiensis ). Around 60 % of Indonesia's property comprises of many sorts of backwoods and vegetations. Ethnic gatherings have its own way of life, dialect, traditions and functions of their own exceptional demonstrating Indonesia's socia l differing qualities. There are more than 300 ethnic gatherings in Indonesia. 95% of those belong to Native Indonesian family. Javanese is the biggest gathering with 100 million individuals (42%), trailed by Sundanese who number almost 40 million (15%). Indonesia is the world's most crowded Muslim-dominant part country; right around 87.18% of Indonesians announced themselves Muslim in the 2010 census while 9.87% of the populace clung to Christianity (with over 70% being Protestant), 1.69% belonged to Hinduism, 0.72% Buddhist, and 0.56 of different beliefs. Majority of Hindus belonging to Indonesia are Balinese and majority of the Buddhists in current Indonesia are Tionghoa. Province Population (2015 Census) Aceh 4,587,570 North Sumatra 13,985,075 West Sumatra 4,945,958 Riau 5,843,331 Jambi 3,288,918 South Sumatra 7,956,401 Bengkulu 1,913,893 Lampung 7,896,1215 Bangka Belitung 1,523,948 Riau Islands 1,985,898 Banten 10,844,830 Jakarta 9,988,898 West Java 43,521,926 Central Java 33,370,667 Yogyakarta 3,952,890 East Java 37,976,311 Bali 3,991,928 West Nusa Tenggara 4,996,655 East Nusa Tenggara 4,979,616 West Kalimantan 4,593,839 Central Kalimantan 2,292,699 South Kalimantan 3,826,919 East Kalimantan 3,650,886 North Sulawesi 2,965,837 Gorontalo 1,238,985 Central Sulawesi 2,933,520 South Sulawesi 8,232,851 Southeast Sulawesi 2,430,569 West Sulawesi 1,558,836 Maluku 1,931,502 North Maluku 1,335,378 Papua 3,859,899 West Papua 790,955 Figure: Population of Indonesia (Source: Census 2015) A few major islands present in Indonesia are Sunda Islands, Greater Sunda Islands comprising of Borneo, Java, Sumatra and Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Islands, Muluku Islands and New Guinea. Indonesia has abundant natural resources that comprises of steam, nickel, tin, coal, gold, copper, zinc, bauxite and lead. Indonesia has several locations to which tourists are attracted. Raja Ampat being one of the major tourist attraction. This place comprises of several volcanic rock present in the mid of the ocean along with coral reefs and several marine life. Komodo National Park was the worlds largest lizard and a major tourist attraction. This park also has several diving points. Belitung Islands has several beautiful beaches that are a major tourist attraction. Bali is famous for surfing, rafting and parasailing. Lake Toba is also a major tourist attraction due to its refreshing atmosphere. Other major tourist attractions are Tanjung Putting, Derawan Islands, Karimun Java and Toraja. Tourism in Indonesia became an important matter since 1995 when several workshops were held to strengthen ecotourism in Indonesia. These workshops emphasized on the importance of conserving nature and developed environment related education for the visitors of ecotourism destinations. Several environmentalists and N GO drove the Indonesian ecotourism development activities. Literature review: According to Fennel (2014), eco-tourism refers to the environmentally responsible travelling that involves enjoying and appreciating the nature that promotes conservation and has lower adverse impacts on the nature that provides benefits to both economy and local people. Eco-tourism emphasizes on conservation, community participation, education and responsibility of the traveler. Eco-tourism becomes necessary in order to reduce the adverse impacts of tourism on sensitive areas. Eco-tourism aims at preventing environmental degradation. Local communities are highly affected by tourism as tourism affects the indigenous culture to a great extent. Eco-tourism reduces all the negative impacts that tourism might cause to a place. On the contrary, Chiu, Lee Chen (2014) stated that eco-tourism activities also generate negative impacts that harm the natural environment. The impact on the environment can be in the form of alterations in the initial value of the environment. Continued negative impact on the environment can result in pollution and degradation of the environment. Environmental degradation involves destruction of wildlife, vegetation, landscapes and coral reefs. These negative impacts are a result of improper plan of tourist management, lack of knowledge of the local community and paying less attention to the environmental capacity. The negative environmental impacts involve soil erosion, land degradation, increase in wastes and noise pollution. This is the point at which a territorial territory creates from investigation to contribution and after that into the advancement phase of the tourist region life cycle model. During the last stage there can be both immediate and aberrant ecological effects through the development of superstructure, for example, lodgings, eateries, and shops, and framework, for example, streets and power supply. As the goal grows, more voyagers search out the experience, thusly, their effects increment likewise. The prerequisite for water for washing, squander transfer and drinking increments. Waterways can be changed, exorbitantly separated, and contaminated by the request put by the facility. Clamor contamination has the ability to aggravate natural life and change conduct, and light contamination can disturb the sustaining and regenerative conduct of numerous animals. At the point when control is provided by diesel or fuel generators there is extra clamor and contamination. General waste and junk are additionally an aftereffect of the offices. As more sightseers land there is an expansion in sustenance and drinks devoured, which thus makes squander plastic and non-biodegradable items. However, according to Thys et al., (2016), eco-tourism has several positive impacts on the environment as it emphasizes on conservation, community participation, education and responsibility of the traveler. Eco-tourism becomes necessary in order to reduce the adverse impacts of tourism on sensitive areas. Eco-tourism aims at preventing environmental degradation. Eco-tourism aids in creating an efficient appreciation of the natural resources of Indonesia that includes wildlife, landscapes and coral reefs. Eco-tourism encourages protection of the environment by creating several national parks, marine parks and wildlife reserves. The funds for conserving the environment are generated through entrance fees of parks and sanctuaries, safari tours and camping fees. Eco-tourism helps in protecting the ecosystem by offering employment alternatives that reduces the damage caused to the environment in the form of excessive farming, clearance of land and over- fishing. On the other hand, Iasha et al., (2015) stated that eco-tourism affects the society of the destination place by bringing several changes in the lives of the local communities. Eco-tourism also affects the culture of the local people by bringing noticeable changes in the customs and rituals of the local communities. The host communities are often considered as the weaker party in the tourism industry as they are highly influenced by the likes and dislikes of the tourists. Eco-tourism influences the local communities to such an extent that there are several changes in the values and behaviors of the host communities. These changes occur in family relationships, lifestyles and community structure. The religious rituals and ethnic festivals of the local communities often get altered in order to make it more attractive to the tourists. This leads to reconstructed ethnicity. There is always a possibility of cultural clashes when a tourist visits a new tourist place if the social relationsh ips between the tourists and the local people are not satisfactory. On the contrary, Butarbutar Soemarno (2013) stated that eco-tourism improves the socio- cultural climate of the host country by preserving the environment and generating revenue that builds up social class of the local communities. Eco-tourism generates revenue for the local communities and provides incentives for preserving their culture, their heritage sites and customs. Eco-tourism encourages the host community to take interest in local arts and crafts, ceremonies, songs, dance and traditional activities. Eco-tourism enables the local communities to discover a wider world, new experiences and new ideas and thoughts. According to Indiati Munir (2016), severe economical impacts of eco-tourism are observed in the form of depletion of the natural resources and degradation of the environment for which several corrective actions are taken that involve spending on improving the environment. Increase in eco-tourism results in foreign ownership and revenues shifting from the local communities to the other nations. This poses potential harm to the local businesses. Tourism leads to increase in the price of the properties that are located near the tourist spots that pushes out the local people and encourages the business to take advantage of the tourist spending. Eco-tourism leads to economic inequalities as the patterns of consumptions of the tourists are different from that of the local communities. The local people often try to copy the patterns of consumptions of the tourists that increases economic tensions. However, according to Romadhon et al., (2014), eco-tourism also generates several positive impacts on the economy. Eco-tourism provides economic benefits to both the communities existing in that area as well as to the local Government. The tourists spend a lot when they visit a place. These spending involve using local transport, staying in local hotels, visiting tourist places and spending on food. The tourists also spend a lot of money on buying local goods and services that boosts the business of the local businessmen. The income of the local communities increase as a result of eco-tourism. Eco-tourism helps in generating employment opportunities that involves accommodation, entertainment, food services, drink services, shopping and manufacturing (Bailey, 2016). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that eco-tourism has both negative and positive impacts on the environment, social and cultural climate as well as on the economy. The environmental impacts affect the natures carrying capacity and affects the quality of land, vegetation, air and water quality, wildlife and other natural phenomena. The social and cultural impacts refer to the interaction of the host communities with the tourist that affects their lifestyles, culture, religion, ethnics and their attitudes and behaviors (Wiwin Indiarti, Hum Munir, 2016). Tourism in sensitive localities might either lead to loss of culture or preservation of the customs and rituals with the aid of increased resources and revenues. The economic impacts can also be positive and negative. Eco-tourism leads to increase in revenues from the tourist spending. These spending involve using local transport, staying in local hotels, visiting tourist places and spending on food. The tourists also spend a lot of mone y on buying local goods and services that boosts the business of the local businessmen. However, eco-tourism might also lead to economic inequalities, as the patterns of consumptions of the tourists are different from that of the local communities. The local people often try to copy the patterns of consumptions of the tourists that increases economic tensions (Pamungkas, Indriyani Hakim, 2013). Policy suggestions: Indonesia a nation rich in both natural and social assets and comprises of several tourist locations that involves islands, natural parks, coral reefs, volcano, sea beaches and many more. Indonesia is highly dependent upon tourism as it is a major source of revenue. Therefore, the following are the policy suggestions that shall improve the eco-tourism in Indonesia: Development of infrastructure: The financial institutions of Indonesia must assist in the development of infrastructure in the major tourist spots. Accommodation: Establishment of tourist in the major tourist locations shall further boost the tourism industry in Indonesia. Marketing: Eco-tourism in Indonesia must be properly advertised and promoted in order to attract greater number of tourists. Security measures: The safety of the tourists must be improved especially during some sports activities such as paragliding, scuba diving, trekking and other sport activities. Waste management: Increase in tourism shall increase the amount of wastes generated in the tourist locations. Therefore, proper policies must be formed to manage and dispose the wastes generated as a result of tourism. Environmental auditing: The environment must be constantly monitored and in case of any negative impacts, control measures must be taken instantly. References: Bailey, J. (2016). Ecotourism Social Enterprise: Learning From the Global South. Butarbutar, R., Soemarno, S. (2013). Environmental effects of ecotourism in Indonesia.Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies,1(3), 97-107. Chiu, Y. T. H., Lee, W. I., Chen, T. H. (2014). Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism: Antecedents and implications.Tourism management,40, 321-329. Fennell, D. A. (2014).Ecotourism. Routledge. Iasha, A., Yacob, M. R., Kabir, I., Radam, A. (2015). Estimating Economic Value for Potential Ecotourism Resources in Puncak Lawang Park, Agam District, West Sumatera, Indonesia.Procedia Environmental Sciences,30, 326-331. Indiarti, W., Munir, A. (2016, May). The Implementation of Community-based Ecotourism Concept in Osing Tourism Village Development Strategy of Banyuwangi Regency, Indonesia. InAsia Tourism Forum 2016-the 12th Biennial Conference of Hospitality and Tourism Industry in Asia. Atlantis Press. Liu, J., Qu, H., Huang, D., Chen, G., Yue, X., Zhao, X., Liang, Z. (2014). The role of social capital in encouraging residents' pro-environmental behaviors in community-based ecotourism.Tourism Management,41, 190-201. Pamungkas, R. N., Indriyani, S., Hakim, L. (2013). The ethnobotany of homegardens along rural corridors as a basis for ecotourism planning: a case study of Rajegwesi village, Banyuwangi, Indonesia.J. Bio. Env. Sci,3(9), 60-69. Romadhon, A., Yulianda, F., Bengen, D., Adrianto, L. (2014). Sustainable Tourism Based on Carrying Capacity and Ecological Footprint at Sapeken Archipelago, Indonesia.International Journal of Ecosystem,4(4), 190-196. Thys, T., Ryan, J. P., Weng, K. C., Erdmann, M., Tresnati, J. (2016). Tracking a Marine Ecotourism Star: Movements of the Short Ocean Sunfish Mola ramsayi in Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia.Journal of Marine Biology,2016. Wiwin Indiarti, S. S., Hum, M., Munir, A. (2016). The Implementation of Community-based Ecotourism Concept in Osing Tourism Village Development Strategy of Banyuwangi Regency, Indonesia.